• Eurasia
  • Proto-Indo-European → Irish
    • *lewh₃-  → luaith
    • *HrewH- → rúsc
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mór
    • *d^hub^h- → dubh
    • *welh₂_/₃- → fuil
    • *konh₂m → cnámh
    • *deh₂u- → dóigh
    • *h₃ewg- → fuar
    • *g^weh₂- + *g^hHb^h- → faigh bás
    • *neḱu- → éagaim
    • *ḱlews-t-  → cluas
    • *telh₂-m- → talamh
    • *ter-s- → tír
    • *seh₂wōl → súil
    • *tep-  → tine
    • *potr / *ptn-os → eitil, eitl-
    • *treg^h- → troigh
    • *koḱso- → cos
    • *meh₂-t- → maith
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *bend- → beann
    • *trewd- + *ḱerd- → tromm-chride
    • *swer- → saor
    • *d^huHno-  → mórán
    • *sley-b^ho- → sliabh
    • *bend- → beann
    • *puh₂-ro- → úr
    • *sreg^h- → srón
    • *d^herg-  → dearg
    • *sent- → séad
    • *k^weys- → chí, tchí, cíonn
    • *(s)telH- → codail
    • *b^heg- → beag
    • *d^huh₂-yo- → deatach
    • *g^hreh₁(w)- → grian
    • *seh₂ → sin
    • *so → seo, so
    • *k^wres- → crann
    • *k^wid  → cad, cad é
    • *b^heh₂- → bán
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → geal
    • *bodyo-  → buí, buidhe
    • *derḱ-  → dearc
    • *g^wher- → geir
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → folt
  • Proto-Indo-European → Scottish Gaelic
    • *lewh₃-  → luath, luaithre
    • *HrewH- → rùsg
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mòr
    • *d^hub^h- → dubh
    • *welh₂_/₃- → fuil
    • *konh₂m → cnàimh
    • *pektu- → uchd
    • *h₃ewg- → fuar
    • *g^weh₂- → bàsaich
    • *g^weh₂- + *g^hHb^h- → faigh bàs
    • *neḱu- → eug
    • *ḱlews-t-  → cluas
    • *telh₂-m- → talamh
    • *ter-s- → tìr
    • *seh₂wōl → sùil
    • *tep-  → teine
    • *potr / *ptn-os → itealaich
    • *treg^h- → troigh
    • *koḱso- → cas
    • *meh₂-t- → math
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *d^huHno-  → mòran
    • *sley-b^ho- → sliabh
    • *bend- → beinn
    • *puh₂-ro- → ùr
    • *sreg^h- → srò(i)n
    • *d^herg-  → dearg
    • *(s)telH- → cadal
    • *b^heg- → beag
    • *d^huh₂-yo- → deatach
    • *g^hreh₁(w)- → grian
    • *seh₂ + ud → sin ud
    • *seh₂ → sin
    • *so → seo
    • *k^wres- → crann
    • *d^hub^h- → deuraich
    • *k^wid  → ciod
    • *b^heh₂- → bàn
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → geal
    • *bodyo-  → buidhe
    • *g^wher- → geir
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → falt, fuilt, fuiltean
  • Proto-Indo-European → Manx
    • *lewh₃-  → leoie
    • *HrewH- → roost
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mooar
    • *d^hub^h- → doo
    • *welh₂_/₃- → fuill
    • *konh₂m → craue
    • *deh₂u- → dóú
    • *h₃ewg- → feayr
    • *g^weh₂- + *g^hHb^h- → baase y gheddyn
    • *ḱlews-t-  → cleaysh
    • *telh₂-m- → thalloo
    • *seh₂wōl → sooill
    • *g^wher- → geirr
    • *tep-  → çhenney
    • *potr / *ptn-os → etlagh
    • *treg^h- → trie
    • *koḱso- → cass
    • *meh₂-t- → mie
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glass
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → folt
    • *d^huHno-  → mooaran(e)
    • *sley-b^ho- → slieau
    • *bend- → beinn
    • *puh₂-ro- → oor
    • *sreg^h- → stroin
    • *welk-wo- → fliaghey
    • *d^herg-  → jiarg
    • *(s)telH- → cadley
    • *b^heg- → beg
    • *d^huh₂-yo- → jaagh
    • *g^hreh₁(w)- → grian
    • *seh₂ → shen
    • *so → shoh
    • *b^holh₃yo- → billey
    • *k^wid  → cre
    • *b^heh₂- → bane
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → gial
    • *bodyo-  → buigh
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Irish
    • *lewh₃-  → luaith
    • *HrewH- → rúsc
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mór, már
    • *d^hub^h- → dub
    • *welh₂_/₃- → fuil
    • *konh₂m → cnáim
    • *pektu- → ucht
    • *deh₂u- → doud
    • *h₃ewg- → úar
    • *g^welh₁-  → a-t-baill
    • *ḱreh₁(y)- → crín
    • *ḱlews-t-  → clúas
    • *telh₂-m- → talam
    • *ter-s- → tír
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → cré
    • *seh₂wōl → súil
    • *derḱ-  → derc
    • *tep-  → teine
    • *h₂eyd^hos → áed
    • *potr / *ptn-os → etelaigim
    • *treg^h- → traig
    • *koḱso- → cos(s)
    • *meh₂-t- → maith
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glass
    • *plh₂meh₂ → lám
    • *h₃erg- → orgo, orcaid
    • *seh₁-ro- → sír
    • *k^weyH- → cían
    • *swer- → sar, sor
    • *d^huHno-  → mór
    • *sley-b^ho- → sliab
    • *bend- → benn
    • *ǵenu- → gin
    • *g^werh₃- → bráge
    • *puh₂-ro- → úr
    • *sreg^h- → srón
    • *welk-wo- → flechud
    • *d^herg-  → derg
    • *sent- → sét
    • *sek^w- → seich-
    • *k^weys- → ad-cí
    • *tend- → tonn
    • *(s)telH- → con-tuili
    • *b^heg- → becc
    • *d^huh₂-yo- → dethach, dé
    • *g^hreh₁(w)- → grían
    • *seh₂ → sin
    • *so → so
    • *b^holh₃yo- → bile
    • *keng-o- → cingim
    • *d^hub^h- → dobur
    • *k^wid  → cid
    • *b^heh₂- → bán
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → gel
    • *bodyo-  → buide
    • *b^hleh₂- (?) → blá
    • *keh₁u-ti- → codal
    • *(s)keh₁u-ti- → codal
    • *leh₁- → lía
    • *g^wher- → geir
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → folt
    • *k^wres- → crann
    • *pet- → ette, eteóc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Welsh
    • *k^wo-h₃k^wo- → pob
    • *lewh₃-  → lludw
    • *HrewH- → rhisgl
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mawr
    • *potr / *ptn-os → aderyn
    • *kneh₂- → cnoi
    • *d^hub^h- → du
    • *deh₂u- → deifio
    • *h₃ewg- → oer
    • *to- + *bhewh₂- → dyfod
    • *neḱu- → angau
    • *ḱlews-t-  → clust
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → pridd
    • *lewko- → llygad
    • *tep-  → tân
    • *treg^h- → troed
    • *meh₂-t- → mad
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → gwallt
    • *uper- → gorwedd (i lawr)
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lleuen, llau
    • *ǵenu- → genau
    • *men-t- → mant
    • *trognī → trwyn
    • *sent- → hynt, heol
    • *wel-o- → gweld, gweled
    • *skn-to- → cen
    • *(s)kewb^h- → cysgu, cwsg
    • *swopno- → huno, hun
    • *b^heg- → bach, bychan
    • *h₁le(n)g^wh- → llaw
    • *seh₂ → hwnnw
    • *seh_{2 (+*do)} → hwn
    • *d^hub^h- → dwfr, dŵr
    • *k^wid  → beth, pa
    • *d^hǵ^hom-yo- → dynes
    • *g^weyh₃-, *gweyh₃- → bwyta
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → gwydden
    • *kayto- → coeden
    • *(H)roth₂o-, *(H)roth₂-o- → rhodio
    • *k^wres- → pren
  • Proto-Indo-European → Breton
    • *lewh₃-  → ludu
    • *HrewH- → ruskenn
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → meur
    • *d^hub^h- → du
    • *deh₂u- → deviñ
    • *yeg- → yen
    • *to- + *menH- → dont
    • *ḱreh₁(y)- → krin
    • *ter-s- → tir
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → pri
    • *lewko- → lagad
    • *tep-  → tan
    • *treg^h- → troad
    • *meh₂-t- → mat, mad
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glaz
    • *uper- → gourvez(et)
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *lewH-, *luH- → laou, low
    • *ǵenu- → genou
    • *sreg^h- → fron
    • *sent- → hent
    • *wel-o- → gwelet, gwelout
    • *skn-to- → ken
    • *(s)kewb^h- → kousked
    • *b^heg- → bihan
    • *seh₂ → hennezh, an..-se
    • *seh_{2 (+*do)} → hemañ
    • *d^hub^h- → dour
    • *k^wid  → petra, pe
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → gwezenn
    • *k^wres- → prenn
  • Proto-Indo-European → Cornish
    • *lewh₃-  → lusow, lüsow
    • *HrewH- → rusk, rüsk
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mür
    • *d^hub^h- → du
    • *welh₂_/₃- → goly
    • *deh₂u- → tewy, dywy
    • *yeg- → yeyn
    • *ḱreh₁(y)- → crin
    • *ter-s- → tȳr
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → pry
    • *lewko- → lagəs/lagas
    • *tep-  → tān
    • *treg^h- → tru:z/trōs
    • *meh₂-t- → ma:z/mās
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *uper- → gorwedhes, growedha
    • *seh₁-ro- → hi:r/hȳr
    • *lewH-, *luH- → low, lewen
    • *ǵenu- → gano(w)
    • *g^werh₃- → briansen
    • *sreg^h- → fryk
    • *sent- → hens
    • *wel-o- → gweles
    • *skn-to- → cen
    • *(s)kewb^h- → koska, cusca
    • *b^heg- → biən, bȳghan
    • *seh₂ → hen, na, henna, an…se
    • *seh_{2 (+*do)} → hemma
    • *d^hub^h- → dowr
    • *k^wid  → pyth, pandrə, py
    • *meǵh₂- → mēn
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → qwȳth
    • *k^wres- → pren
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle Breton
    • *lewh₃-  → ludu
    • *HrewH- → rusquenn
    • *d^hub^h- → duff
    • *welh₂_/₃- → goulyow
    • *deh₂u- → devo
    • *ḱreh₁(y)- → crin
    • *ter-s- → tir
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → pry, pri
    • *lewko- → lagat
    • *tep-  → tan
    • *treg^h- → troat
    • *meh₂-t- → mad
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *lewH-, *luH- → louenn
    • *sreg^h- → froan/fron
    • *wel-o- → guelet
    • *(s)kewb^h- → cousquet
    • *b^heg- → bihan
    • *d^hub^h- → dour
    • *k^wres- → prenn
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Breton
    • *HrewH- → rusc
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mor
    • *potr / *ptn-os → attanoc
    • *d^hub^h- → du
    • *deh₂u- → deuu
    • *ter-s- → tir
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → pri
    • *treg^h- → treit, troat
    • *meh₂-t- → mat
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *plh₂meh₂ → lom-/lou-
    • *uper- → gouruez
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *ǵenu- → genou
    • *g^werh₃- → Brehant
    • *sreg^h- → fron
    • *sent- → hint
    • *sek^w- → hep
    • *wel-o- → guel/guil
    • *b^heg- → bican
    • *kerd- → cerd
    • *k^wid  → pi/pe
    • *meǵh₂- → main
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → guolt
    • *k^wres- → pren
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Cornish
    • *HrewH- → rusc
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → maur
    • *d^hub^h- → duw
    • *h₃ewg- → oir
    • *ter-s- → tir
    • *lewko- → lagat
    • *treg^h- → truit
    • *meh₂-t- → mat
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glesin
    • *plh₂meh₂ → lof
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *lewH-, *luH- → low-en
    • *ǵenu- → genau
    • *sreg^h- → friic
    • *trognī → trein
    • *b^heg- → boghan
    • *kerd- → kerd
    • *d^hub^h- → douer
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → guiden
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → gols
    • *k^wres- → pren
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Welsh
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → maur
    • *potr / *ptn-os → atar
    • *d^hub^h- → dub
    • *g^welh₁-  → aballu
    • *ḱreh₁(y)- → crin
    • *ter-s- → tir
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *plh₂meh₂ → lau
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *sek^w- → hepp
    • *b^heg- → bichan
    • *seh₂ → hinnith
    • *seh_{2 (+*do)} → hinn, hinnoid
    • *kerd- → kerðet
    • *d^hub^h- → dufyr
    • *k^wid  → pa/pi, pui
    • *meǵh₂- → mein
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle Welsh
    • *lewh₃-  → lludw
    • *HrewH- → risgl
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → mawr
    • *potr / *ptn-os → adar
    • *kneh₂- → cnoi
    • *d^hub^h- → du
    • *welh₂_/₃- → gweli
    • *deh₂u- → deifyaw
    • *h₃ewg- → oer
    • *to- + *bhewh₂- → dyfot
    • *ḱreh₁(y)- → crin
    • *ḱlews-t-  → clust
    • *ter-s- → tir
    •  *tk^wreh₁yot-  → pridd
    • *lewko- → llygat
    • *tep-  → tan
    • *treg^h- → troet
    • *meh₂-t- → mad
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → glas
    • *uper- → gorwed
    • *seh₁-ro- → hir
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lleu
    • *swer- → hor
    • *g^werh₃- → breuant
    • *sent- → hynt
    • *sek^w- → hebu
    • *wel-o- → guelet
    • *tend- → tonn
    • *(s)kewb^h- → kyscu
    • *b^heg- → bychan, bach
    • *seh₂ → hynny, henne
    • *seh_{2 (+*do)} → hyn
    • *d^hub^h- → dwyyr
    • *k^wid  → pwy
    • *meǵh₂- → maen
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → guit, guyt, gwyd
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → gwallt
    • *k^wres- → prenn
  • Proto-Indo-European → Gaulish
    • *HrewH- → *ruska
    • *meh₁-, *moh₁-ro- → *māro-
    • *h₃ol-yo- → ollon
    • *d^hub^h- → *dubu-/i-
    • *h₃ewg- → ogron-, *ougro-
    • *ḱlews-t-  → Rokloisiabo
    • *telh₂-m- → *talamo-
    • *derḱ-  → *derko
    • *tep-  → *ten-
    • *h₂eyd^hos → *aidu-
    • *treg^h- → *traget-, treide
    • *koḱso- → *kokso-
    • *meh₂-t- → *matu-
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → *glasto-
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → *uolto-
    • *plh₂meh₂ → *lama
    • *bend- → *banno-
    • *h₃erg- → orge
    • *seh₁-ro- → *siro-
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → *bergona/*briga
    • *b^hers- → *barro-
    • *ǵenu- → *genu-
    • *men-t- → *manto-/i-
    • *ǵoph₃o- → *gobbo-
    • *sreg^h- → *srogna, *frognā
    • *sent- → *sentu-
    • *k^weys- → *(ad-)piss-
    • *b^heg- → *bikko
    • *h₁le(n)g^wh- → *lagu-
    • *ḱrn-o- > *ḱrn-u- (?) → *karno-
    • *so → se, so
    • *seh₂ → san(a)
    • *seh_{2 (+*do)} → sinde
    • *k^wres- → *prenno-
    • *b^holh₃yo- → *bilio-
    • *d^hub^h- → *dubron
    • *bodyo-  → *bodio-
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → *uidu-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Italian
    • *pektu- → petto
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *sent- → sentire
    • *k^wid  → che
    • *b^heh₂- → bianco
  • Proto-Indo-European → French
    • *pektu- → poitrine
    • *ter-s- → terre
    • *k^wid  → quoi
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Spanish
    • *pektu- → pecho
    • *ter-s- → tierra
    • *k^wid  → qué
    • *b^heh₂- → blanco
  • Proto-Indo-European → Portuguese
    • *pektu- → peito
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *k^wid  → que
    • *b^heh₂- → branco
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romanian
    • *pektu- → piept
    • *k^wid  → ce
  • Proto-Indo-European → Catalan
    • *pektu- → pit
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *sent- → sentir
    • *k^wid  → què
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Provençal
    • *pektu- → pies
    • *ter-s- → terro
    • *k^wid  → que
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Walloon
    • *ter-s- → têre, tére
    • *k^wid  → cwè, qwè
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc, blanke
  • Proto-Indo-European → Sardinian
    • *pektu- → pettus, pettu
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *k^wid  → qui, chi
    • *b^heh₂- → biancu
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romansh
    • *pektu- → pèz
    • *ter-s- → tiạra, terra
    • *sent- → sentir
    • *k^wid  → tge, tgei
  • Proto-Indo-European → Ladin
    • *ter-s- → térå
    • *sent- → sentìr
    • *k^wid  → che
    • *b^heh₂- → blanch
  • Proto-Indo-European → Friulian
    • *pektu- → pet
    • *ter-s- → tiere
    • *sent- → sintî
    • *k^wid  → ce, ce che
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Italian
    • *pektu- → petto
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *k^wid  → che
    • *b^heh₂- → bianco
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle French
    • *ter-s- → terre
    • *k^wid  → que
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old French
    • *pektu- → poitrine
    • *ter-s- → terre
    • *k^wid  → que
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Provençal
    • *pektu- → pętge
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *k^wid  → que
    • *b^heh₂- → blanc
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Spanish
    • *pektu- → pecho
    • *ter-s- → tierra
    • *k^wid  → que
    • *b^heh₂- → blanco
  • Proto-Indo-European → Latin
    • *pektu- → pectus
    • *telh₂-m- → tellus
    • *ter-s- → terra
    • *meh₂-t- → mānus
    • *sek^w- → īnsece
    • *k^wid  → quis, quid
    • *b^hleh₂- (?) → flāvus
    • *b^hleh₂- → flāvus
    • *bodyo → badius
    • *bhln- → follis
    • *klh₁- → calere
    • *bhoy-ko- → fūcus
    • *bhar-s- → far, -ris
    • *h₂erh₃wr-, *h₂erh₃wr → arvum
    • *h₁reh₁-smo- → rēmus
    • *h₃nbhl- → umbilīcus
  • Proto-Indo-European → Latvian
    • *h₃ewg- → auksts
    • *sek^w- → sacīt
    • *so → tas, tā
    • *k^wid  → kas?
  • Proto-Indo-European → Swedish
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berg
    • *sek^w- → säga
    • *k^wid  → vad
  • Proto-Indo-European → Danish
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → bjerg
    • *sek^w- → sige
    • *k^wid  → hvad
  • Proto-Indo-European → Norwegian (Bokmål)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berg
    • *sek^w- → si
    • *k^wid  → hva
  • Proto-Indo-European → Norwegian (Nynorsk)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berg
    • *sek^w- → seie
    • *k^wid  → kva
  • Proto-Indo-European → Icelandic
    • *g^when- → bana
    • *weyk- → vega
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lús
    • *sek^w- → segja
    • *k^wid  → hvað
  • Proto-Indo-European → Faroese
    • *g^when- → bana
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lús, lýs
    • *sek^w- → siga
    • *k^wid  → hvat
  • Proto-Indo-European → Elfdalian
    • *lewH-, *luH- → laus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → bjärr
    • *sek^w- → saja
    • *skn-to- → stşinn
    • *k^wid  → wen
  • Proto-Indo-European → German
    • *lewH-, *luH- → Laus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → Berg
    • *sek^w- → sagen
    • *k^wid  → was
  • Proto-Indo-European → Swiss German
    • *lewH-, *luH- → Luus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → Bëërg
    • *sek^w- → säge
    • *k^wid  → was
  • Proto-Indo-European → Low German
    • *lewH-, *luH- → Luus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → Barg
    • *sek^w- → seggen
    • *k^wid  → wat
  • Proto-Indo-European → Dutch
    • *lewH-, *luH- → luis
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berg
    • *sek^w- → zeggen
    • *k^wid  → wat
  • Proto-Indo-European → English
    • *lewH-, *luH- → louse
    • *sek^w- → say
    • *k^wid  → what
  • Proto-Indo-European → Frisian
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lûs, lús
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berch
    • *sek^w- → sizze
    • *k^wid  → hwat
  • Proto-Indo-European → Yiddish
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lojz
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → barg, bergl
    • *sek^w- → zogn
    • *k^wid  → vos
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Norse
    • *g^when- → bana
    • *weyk- → vega
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lús
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → bjarg, berg
    • *sek^w- → segja
    • *k^wid  → hvat
    • *skn-to- → skinn
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle English
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lous-e, louce, luse, lus
    • *sek^w- → seyen, seȝen, seggen, seien
    • *k^wid  → what
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old English
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lūs
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → beorg, beorh
    • *sek^w- → secgan
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → hwæt
    • *b^has- → basu
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old High German
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lūs
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berg
    • *sek^w- → sagēn
    • *k^wid  → (h)waz
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle High German
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lûs
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berc
    • *sek^w- → sagen
    • *k^wid  → waȥ
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Frisian
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berch, birg
    • *sek^w- → sedza, sidza
    • *k^wid  → hwet
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Saxon
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berg
    • *sek^w- → seggian
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → hwat
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle Low German
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lûs
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → ber(i)ch, barch
    • *sek^w- → seggen
    • *k^wid  → wat
    • *glend- → klint
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle Dutch
    • *lewH-, *luH- → luus, luse, luis
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → berch, berech, berich
    • *sek^w- → seggen, secgen
    • *k^wid  → wat
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Swedish
    • *weyk- → vægha
    • *lewH-, *luH- → lus
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → biärgh
    • *sek^w- → sighia, säghia, seghia
    • *skn-to- → skin
    • *k^wid  → hvat, hwatt, hwath, hwadh
  • Proto-Indo-European → Albanian (Tosk)
    • *g^wist- → gjeth, gjethe
    • *k^wid  → ç'
    • *h₃es-n- → ah
    • *m̥l-o → ëmbël
  • Proto-Indo-European → Russian
    •  *pek^w → péčen'
    • *so → tot, ta, to
    • *so → étot, éta, éto
    • *k^wid  → čto
  • Proto-Indo-European → Lithuanian
    • *gowr, gen. *gun-os → gaũras
    •  *pek^w → kẽpenys
    • *sek^w- → sakýti
    • *so → tàs, tà
    • *k^wid  → kàs?, ką̃?
    • *(H)reydh- → riedė́ti
    • *kʷo-kʷl-o- → kãklas
  • Proto-Indo-European → Sanskrit
    • *wesu- → vasu-
    • *g^when- → han-
    • *lewH-, *luH- → yū́kā-, yū́ka-
    • *derḱ-  → dṛś-
    • *so → sá-/tá-
    • *k^wid  → kím 
    • *h₁eģh- → ahī́-
    • *uksōn, *uksōn- → ukṣán-
    • *demh₂- → damya-
    • *h₃engʷ- → añj-
    • *bhéugh- → bhuj-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Pali
    • *g^when- → hanati-, ghātēti-
    • *lewH-, *luH- → ūkā-
    • *derḱ-  → dakkhati
    • *so → sō
    • *k^wid  → kiṁ
  • Proto-Indo-European → Prakrit
    • *g^when- → haṇaï, ghāēi-
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jūā-, ūā-
    • *so → sō, sē
    • *k^wid  → kiṁ
  • Proto-Indo-European → Hindi
    • *g^when- → hannā
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jū̃
    • *derḱ-  → dekhnā
    • *so → so
    • *k^wid  → kyā
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Awadhi
    • *g^when- → hanaï
    • *derḱ-  → dekhaï
    • *so → so
    • *k^wid  → ki
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Kelderash)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → źuv, žuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhêl
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Arli)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Kale)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuu, džuuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikkela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Sinte)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džub, džup, džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikel, dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Sepečides)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Bugurdži)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikla
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Lovara)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv, žuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Burgenland)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikal, dikel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Banatiski Gurbet)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → źu, źuva
    • *derḱ-  → dikhela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Dolenjski)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Gurvari)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Latvian)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuu, džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Macedonian Džambazi)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dićhol, dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Prekmurski)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → žuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Sofia Erli)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Ursari)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → žukel
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Welsh)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džukel
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel, dikhela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (East Slovak)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Gurbet)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel, ikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Kosovo Arli)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dikhela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Lithuanian)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → dîkhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Macedonian Arli)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → diǩela, dikhela
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (North Russian)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džjuv
    • *derḱ-  → dîkhêla, udîkhêla
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Romungro)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuu
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Sremski Gurbet)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džu
    • *derḱ-  → dićhol
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Veršend)
    • *lewH-, *luH- → džuv
    • *derḱ-  → díkhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Scandoromani
    • *lewH-, *luH- → júva
    • *derḱ-  → dìkka
  • Proto-Indo-European → Angloromani
    • *lewH-, *luH- → ju, jub, juv, juvva
    • *derḱ-  → deek, dik, dikki, dikkon, dikkes, dikhav
    • *k^wid  → ko, koin
  • Proto-Indo-European → Punjabi
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jū̃
    • *derḱ-  → dekhṇā
    • *so → so
  • Proto-Indo-European → Lahnda
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jū̃
    • *derḱ-  → ḍekhaṇ
  • Proto-Indo-European → Sindhi
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jũa, jū̃
    • *derḱ-  → ḍekhaṇu
    • *so → so
  • Proto-Indo-European → Gujarati
    • *g^when- → haṇvũ
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jū
    • *derḱ-  → dekhvũ
    • *k^wid  → kiyũ
  • Proto-Indo-European → Kashmiri
    • *g^when- → annu
    • *lewH-, *luH- → zuv, zŏv
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → ba:l
    • *so → suh
    • *k^wid  → kyā
  • Proto-Indo-European → Khowar
    • *lewH-, *luH- → žuγ
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → kya
  • Proto-Indo-European → Oriya
    • *lewH-, *luH- → juhā̃
    • *derḱ-  → dekhibā
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → ki
  • Proto-Indo-European → Maithili
    • *g^when- → hanab
    • *derḱ-  → dekhab
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → ki
  • Proto-Indo-European → Marathi
    • *g^when- → haṇṇẽ
    • *lewH-, *luH- → ūm, um, ū
    • *derḱ-  → dekhṇẽ
    • *k^wid  → kāy
  • Proto-Indo-European → Konkani
    • *lewH-, *luH- → ū̃vva
  • Proto-Indo-European → Nepali
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jumro
    • *derḱ-  → dekhnu
    • *so → so
    • *k^wid  → kyā
  • Proto-Indo-European → Kumauni
    • *lewH-, *luH- → jū̃
    • *derḱ-  → dekhṇo
    • *so → syo
  • Proto-Indo-European → Kati
    • *g^when- → žǟŕ-
    • *lewH-, *luH- → yūv, yū
    • *k^wid  → ke, kai
  • Proto-Indo-European → Ashkun
    • *lewH-, *luH- → (w)ū
    • *so → sǝ, sǝkǝ, siga
    • *k^wid  → kā
  • Proto-Indo-European → Prasun
    • *g^when- → o-žnü-
    • *lewH-, *luH- → wyōinuk
  • Proto-Indo-European → Tregami
    • *g^when- → ǰřẽ-
    • *lewH-, *luH- → wū
  • Proto-Indo-European → Waigali
    • *g^when- → ǰāā̃-, žā
    • *lewH-, *luH- → wü
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → kasə
  • Proto-Indo-European → Avestan
    • *wesu- → vaꬻhav- vaꬻhu-, vohu-
    • *g^when- → gan-, ǰan-
    • *b^herǵ^h-o- → barəzah-
    • *ǵoph₃o- → zafar-
    • *derḱ-  → darəs-
    • *so → ha-, ta-
    • *k^wid  → čī̆m
    • *uksōn, *uksōn- → uxšan-
    • *mogh-u- → maγava-
    • *tworḱo- → varāsa-, parəsa-, ϑβərəsa-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Persian
    • *wesu- → va^hu-
    • *g^when- → gan-, jan-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle Persian
    • *wesu- → weh
    • *g^when- → wc-/ōz-
    • *ǵoph₃o- → zafar
    • *k^wid  → čē
  • Proto-Indo-European → Kurdish (Kurmanji)
    • *wesu- → baş
    • *k^wid  → çi
  • Proto-Indo-European → Kurdish (Sorani)
    • *wesu- → bash
    • *k^wid  → chî
  • Proto-Indo-European → Pashto
    • *g^when- → waǰal
    • *k^wid  → tsa
  • Proto-Indo-European → Parachi
    • *g^when- → jan-
    • *derḱ-  → do:r-
    • *so → he:
    • *k^wid  → ci
  • Proto-Indo-European → Wakhi
    • *wesu- → baf
  • Proto-Indo-European → Hittite
    • *g^when- → kue(n)-
    • *d^huh₂-yo- → tuḫḫuu̯ai-, tuḫḫui-
    • *k^wid  → kui-/kue-/kuu̯a-
    • *meli- → militt-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Gothic
    • *so → sa
    • *so → sa
    • *k^wid  → ƕa
  • Proto-Indo-European → Modern Armenian
    • *k^wid  → inčʻ
    • *h₃engʷ- → awcanem
  • Proto-Indo-European → Classical Armenian
    • *k^wid  → zi, zinč‘
    • *h₃es-n- → hacʿi
    • *(H)h₁eģh-ih₂-m → ezn
    • *s(e)m-eh₂-, *sm̥-h₂-ó- → am
  • Proto-Indo-European → Modern Greek
    • *k^wid  → ti
  • Proto-Indo-European → Middle Greek
    • *k^wid  → o'ti
  • Proto-Indo-European → Classical Greek
    • *derḱ-  → dérkomai
    • *h₃es-n- → oxýa, oxýē
    • *bhln- → pʰallós
    • *doru, *doru-, *derwo-, *dreus → dóry
  • Proto-Indo-European → Czech
    • *tam + *so → tamten, tamta, tamto
    • *so → tento, tato, toto
    • *k^wid  → co
  • Proto-Indo-European → Polish
    • *tam + *so → tamten, tamta, tamto
    • *so → ten, ta, to
    • *k^wid  → co
  • Proto-Indo-European → Croatian
    • *so → taj, ta, to
    • *k^wid  → što
  • Proto-Indo-European → Serbian
    • *so → taj, ta, to
    • *k^wid  → šta
  • Proto-Indo-European → Bulgarian
    • *so → tózi
    • *k^wid  → što
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Church Slavonic
    • *k^wid  → čьto
    • *tetḱ- → tesati
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Prussian
    • *so → stas, stes
    • *k^wid  → ka
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Crimean)
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Romani (Hungarian Vend)
    • *derḱ-  → dikhel
  • Proto-Indo-European → Marwari
    • *derḱ-  → dekhṇo
    • *so → so
  • Proto-Indo-European → Bengali
    • *derḱ-  → dekhā
    • *so → se
    • *k^wid  → ki
    • *demh₂- → dāmṛā
  • Proto-Indo-European → Assamese
    • *derḱ-  → dekhiba
    • *so → xi
    • *k^wid  → ki
  • Proto-Indo-European → Maldivian
    • *derḱ-  → dekenii
    • *k^wid  → kiik, kiikee
  • Proto-Indo-European → Persian
    • *k^wid  → če? či?
  • Proto-Indo-European → Tajik
    • *k^wid  → či
  • Proto-Indo-European → Gilaki
    • *so → ha, han
    • *k^wid  → či, čǝ, ču
  • Proto-Indo-European → Baluchi
    • *k^wid  → če
  • Proto-Indo-European → Talysh
    • *k^wid  → či
  • Proto-Indo-European → Ossetian (Iron)
    • *k^wid  → tsɨ (tsəj, tsəmən, tsəməj)
  • Proto-Indo-European → Sogdian
    • *k^wid  → čā
  • Proto-Indo-European → Yagnobi
    • *k^wid  → čo
  • Proto-Indo-European → Luwian
    • *k^wid  → kui-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Lydian
    • *k^wid  → qi-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Tocharian A
    • *k^wid  → kus
    • *smH- → ṣme
  • Proto-Indo-European → Tocharian B
    • *k^wid  → kᵤse
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Celtic
    • *h₃es-n- → *osno-
    • *g^wet-u- → *betu-
    • *d^herg- → *dergo- 
    • *b^has- → *basko- 
    • *h₁rewd^h → *rowdo- 
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → *glasto- 
    • *ǵ^helh₃- → *gelo- 
    • *b^hleh₂- → *blāwo- 
    • *dhubh- → *dubu- 
    • *b^heh₂-no- → *bāno- 
    • *pelHi- → *flēto- 
    • *welh₂- → *wlanno- 
    • *dhubh- → *dubro- 
    • *bodyo → *bodyo- 
    • *d^hews- → *dusno-
    • *(s)liHwo- → *liwo- 
    • *b^hel-, *bhel- → *ballo-
    • *gʷōw- → *bow
    • *g^wōw-, *gwōw- → *bow
    • *h₂eǵHo- → *agos-
    • *uksōn, *uksōn- → *uxso-, *uxson-
    • *dmh₂o- → *damo-, *damato-
    • *leh₂p- → *lāfigo-
    • *mogh-u- → *mogu-
    • *meh₁lo- → *mīlo-
    • *h₁eḱwo- → *ekʷo-
    • *(H)reydh- → *rēd-o-
    • *h₃éu-i- → *owi-
    • *h₃éu-i- → *owi-
    • *h₁er- → *erbā-
    • *wet-ti- → *wessi-
    • *h₂egʷno-, *h₂egʷ-no- → *owigno-
    • *kapr- → *gabro-
    • *men- → *menno-
    • *porḱ-o-, *porḱo- → *forko-
    • *klh₁- → *kalyāko-
    • *ḱwōn, *ḱuwōn → *kʷon-
    • *bhi-ko- → *biko-
    • *gʷhen- → *gwan-o-
    • *waylo- → *waylo-
    • *wlkʷo- → *ulkʷo-
    • *h₂rtḱo- → *arto-
    • *tworḱo- → *tworko-
    • *h₂lop- → *loferno-
    • *ḱas-, *ḱh₂es- → *kasni-
    • *(s)nh₂-tr-, *(s)nh₂-tr → *natrik-
    • *h₃er- → *eriro-
    • *wid^hu-, *widhu- → *widu-
    • *ḱer-n-, *ḱerh₂- → *karwo-
    • *h₁elh₁nih₂- → *elantī
    • *h₁elh₁nih₂- → *elanī
    • *(H)yorko- → *yorko-
    • *h₃ewi-keh₂- → *owīkā
    • *kes- → *kīsrā
    • *meli- → *meli
    • *h₂melǵ- → *melgos-
    • *h₂melǵ- → *mlig-o-
    • *seh₂l- → *salano-
    • *seh₂l-o- → *sālo-
    • *medhu- → *medu
    • *mēms-ro- → *mīros-
    • *ḱrewh₂- → *krū-
    • *h₃engʷ-en- → *amben-
    • *weg- → *weg-yo-
    • *sneh₁- → *sniy-o-
    • *h₂erh₃-ye- → *ar-yo-
    • *polḱeh₂- → *folkā
    • *seg- → *seg-yo-, seg-o-
    • *neyk- → *nixto-, *ufo-nixto-
    • *bhleh₃-tu- → *blātu-
    • *bhar- → *barageno/ā, *barago/ā
    • *sh₁-s-, *sh₁es- → *sasyo-
    • *gʷeyh₃- → *bēto-, *biyato-
    • *g^weyh₃-, *gweyh₃- → *bēto-, *biyato-
    • *ǵrHno- → *grāno-
    • *peytu-, *pitu- → *fitu-
    • *h₂erh₃wr-, *h₂erh₃wr → *arawar, *arawen-
    • *h₂eph₃ol- → *abalo-
    • *ser(p)- → *serrā
    • *h₁rh₁-smo- → *rāsmo-
    • *h₂erh₃-tro- → *aratro-
    • *krso- → *karro-
    • *ḱnk-t- → *kanxtu-
    • *ḱo(n)kH- → *kankā
    • *teḱs-slo- → *tāxslo-
    • *yugo- → *yugo-
    • *wed^h-, *weǵ^h- → *wedo-
    • *weǵhno- → *wegno-
    • *kʷol-o- → *kʷolu-
    • *(H)roth₂o-, *(H)roth₂-o- → *roto-
    • *dhrogho- → *droko-
    • *h₃nobh-li- → *ambliyon-
    • *gʷosdho- → *buzdo-
    • *gwosdho- → *buzdo-
    • *wol-t- → *wolto-
    • *meǵh₂- → *magos-
    • *(H)rewHos- → *rowesyā
    • *prkeh₂- → *enter-frikyā
    • *prkeh₂- → *frikā
    • *kelh₂- → *klad-o-
    • *ǵhyem- → *gyemo-
    • *ues-r/n- → *wesr-
    • *ues-r/n- → *wesn-
    • *sem- → *samo-
    • *leh₁t- → *latyo-
    • *HoHmo- → *omiyo-
    • *h₂erǵ-nt-o- → *arganto-
    • *kayto- → *kayto-
    • *kʷres- → *kʷresno-
    • *doru, *doru-, *derwo-, *dreus → *daru-
    • *glend- → *glendos-
    • *leh₁- → *līwank-
    • *lh₁us- → *laws-
    • *lh₁w- → *law-
    • *pel- → *fales-
    • *plso → *fallo-
    • *kuHti- → *kuti-
    • *sḱey-no- → *skēno-
    • *sḱey- → *skēno-
    • *sḱey- → *skiy-o-
    • *ǵhoyso- → *gayso-
    • *bhewg(h)- → *buggo-
    • *weyh₁-ro- → *wēro-
    • *tawro- → *tarwo-
    • *d^helg-, *dhelg- → *delgo-
    • *wlh₂no- → *wlāno-,*wulāno-, *wlano-, *wulano-
    • *smH- → *samo-
    • *pel- → *fletro-
    • *d^hǵ^h(e)m-ōn → *gdonyo-
    • *h₃d-(o)nt- → *danto-
    • *h₁leym- → *lēmo-, *limo-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Germanic
    • *h₃es-n- → *aska-
    • *h₁eḱwo- → *ehwa-
    • *bhuǵ-on-, *bhuǵ-on → *bukka-, *bukkan-
    • *bhlh₁-tó- → *blada-
    • *teḱ-s- → *tōkslo-
    • *h₁leym- → *elmaz, *almaz
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Indo-European
    • *demh₂- → *dmh₂o-
    • *bhleh₃- → *bhlh₁-tó-
    • *bhleh₃- → *bhleh₃-tu-
    • *h₁reh₁-, *h₁erh₁- → *h₁reh₁-smo-
    • *tetḱ- → *tetḱ-dhlo-
    • *sḱey- → *sḱey-no-
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Albanian
    • *leh₂p- → *lāpā
    • *h₂rtḱo- → *ara
    • *meli-t-o- → *melita
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Balto-Slavic
    • *h₁ol-Hn-iH- → *ol-Hn-
    • *bhar-s-in-om → *bar-
    • *gʷeHi-to- → *geit-
    • *ḱok-(e)h₂- → *śokʔaʔ
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Italic
    • *sekh₁-ie/o- → *sekaje/o-
    • *h₁leym- → *elmos, *olmos
  • Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Slavic
    • *tetḱ-dhlo- → *tesla
  • Proto-Indo-European → Old Danish
    • *skn-to- → skin, skindh
  • Proto-Celtic → Irish
    • *tār- → tarr
    • *to-unk-syon- → tabhair
    • *kīkā → cíoch
    • *dusno- → donn
  • Proto-Celtic → Old Irish
    • *krok(ke)no- → croiccenn
    • *tār- → tarr
    • *to-unk-syon- → do-beir
    • *kīkos-  → cícce, cích
    • *osno- → uinnius
    • *betu- → beithe
    • *bāno-  → bán
    • *ballo- → ball
    • *bow → bó
    • *agos- → ag
    • *damo-, *damato- → dam
    • *lāfigo- → lóeg
    • *mogu- → mug
    • *mīlo- → mil
    • *ekʷo- → ech
    • *markos → marc
    • *owi- → óisc
    • *owi- → ói
    • *erbā- → erp, eirp, erb
    • *wessi- → feis
    • *molto- → molt
    • *owigno- → úan
    • *bukko- → boc
    • *gabro- → gabor
    • *menno- → menn
    • *mokku- → muc, mucc
    • *sukko- → soc, socc
    • *forko- → orc, arc
    • *kerkā → cerc
    • *kalyāko- → cailech
    • *yaro- → eirín, eiríne
    • *kʷon- → cú
    • *katto- → catt
    • *biko- → bech
    • *waylo- → fáel
    • *ulkʷo- → olc
    • *blVdV- → bled
    • *arto- → art
    • *tworko- → torc
    • *bunno- → bonnán
    • *natrik- → nathir
    • *brano- → bran
    • *wesāko-, *wesākko-, *wesakko- → fiach, fíach
    • *eriro- → ilar
    • *widu- → fid
    • *karwo- → *carr
    • *elantī → elit, ailit
    • *kīsrā → cír
    • *melgos- → melg
    • *mlixto- → mlicht
    • *bandyo- → banne
    • *salano- → salann
    • *sālo- → sál
    • *medu → mid
    • *mīros- → mír
    • *gʷered- → geir
    • *amben- → imb
    • *weg-yo- → figid
    • *sniy-o- → -sní
    • *ar-yo- → airid
    • *nixto-, *ufo-nixto- → necht
    • *blātu- → bláth
    • *barageno/ā, *barago/ā → bairgen
    • *korkkyo- → corca, coirce
    • *bēto-, *biyato- → bíad
    • *grāno- → grán
    • *arawar, *arawen- → arbar, arbor
    • *abalo- → ubull, uball
    • *serrā → serr
    • *widu-biyo- → fidbae
    • *rāsmo- → rámae, ráme
    • *aratro- → arathar
    • *kanxtu- → cécht
    • *kankā → géc
    • *tāxslo- → tál
    • *yugo- → cuing
    • *wedo- → fedil, feidil
    • *wegno- → fén
    • *wegnyā → fénae
    • *karro- → carr
    • *kʷolu- → cul
    • *roto- → roth
    • *rete/o- → reithid
    • *droko- → droch
    • *ambliyon- → imbliu
    • *wolto- → folt
    • *magos- → mag
    • *rowesyā → róe
    • *enter-frikyā → eitre, eitreach, etarche, etrige
    • *klad-o- → claidid
    • *gyemo- → gam, gem, gaim
    • *wesr- → errach
    • *samo- → sam
    • *samo- → meithem, mithem
    • *latyo- → laithe
    • *omiyo- → umae
    • *īsarno-, *isarno- → íarn
    • *arganto- → argat, argad, airgead
    • *kʷresno- → crann
    • *daru- → dair, daur
    • *glendos- → glenn, glend
    • *klukā → cloch
    • *klukā → clochar
    • *līwank- → líe, lía, líac
    • *magino- → magen, magan, maigin
    • *fales- → ail
    • *fallo- → all
    • *fletro- → lethar
    • *skēno- → scían
    • *gayso- → gae
    • *wēro- → fíar
    • *tarwo- → tarb
    • *delgo- → delg
    • *wlāno-,*wulāno-, *wlano-, *wulano- → olann
    • *meli → mil
    • *uxso-, *uxson- → oss, os
    • *gdonyo- → duine
    • *danto- → dét
    • *klukā + *k^wenno- → cloicenn
    • *snīs → sní
    • *lēmo-, *limo- → lem
  • Proto-Celtic → Welsh
    • *tār- → tor
    • *tarwo- → tarw
    • *uxso-, *uxson- → ych
    • *damo-, *damato- → dafad
    • *molto- → mollt
    • *kalyāko- → ceilog, ceiliog
    • *katto- → cath
    • *gwan-o- → gwan
    • *kasni- → ceinach
    • *nixto-, *ufo-nixto- → nith
    • *bēto-, *biyato- → bwyd
    • *arawar, *arawen- → erw
    • *arawar, *arawen- → erwain
    • *abalo- → afal
    • *delgo- → dala
    • *widu-biyo- → gwddyf
    • *rāsmo- → rhaw
    • *wegno- → gwain
    • *roto- → rhod
    • *frikā → rhych
    • *samo- → Mehefyn
    • *kīkos-  → cig, cnawd
    • *gabra- → gauar, gafr
    • *lēmo-, *limo- → llwyf
  • Proto-Celtic → Breton
    • *tār- → tor/teur
    • *widu-biyo- → gwif
    • *frikā → re
    • *samo- → Mezeven
    • *klukā → kleger
    • *kīkos-  → kig
  • Proto-Celtic → Cornish
    • *tār- → torr/tor
    • *kīkos-  → kig/kȳk
    • *bow → buch
    • *uxso-, *uxson- → oghen
    • *molto- → mols
    • *mokku- → mow, mogh
    • *sukko- → hoch
    • *kalyāko- → colyek
    • *katto- → kat
    • *loferno- → lowarn
    • *brano- → bran
    • *salano- → holan, haloin
    • *medu → medh
    • *krū- → krow
    • *weg-yo- → gwia
    • *sniy-o- → nedha
    • *nixto-, *ufo-nixto- → gwaneth
    • *sasyo- → hêth
    • *korkkyo- → kergh
    • *arawar, *arawen- → erow
    • *abalo- → aval
    • *widu- → guiden
    • *yugo- → ieu
    • *karro- → car
    • *roto- → rôs
    • *buzdo- → both
    • *magos- → -ma
    • *arganto- → argans, arghans
    • *glendos- → glynn, glydn
    • *magino- → men
    • *fletro- → ledher
    • *wēro- → gwarek
    • *wēro- → gwarr
    • *tarwo- → tarow
    • *snīs → nəj, nȳ
  • Proto-Celtic → Middle Breton
    • *tār- → torr
    • *osno- → ounn, onn
    • *betu- → bezu, bezv-en
    • *bow → buch
    • *bow → bou-tig
    • *damo-, *damato- → davat
    • *lāfigo- → lue
    • *mīlo- → mil
    • *molto- → mout, maout
    • *owigno- → oen
    • *bukko- → bouch
    • *menno- → menn
    • *kalyāko- → quillocq
    • *yaro- → yar
    • *kʷon- → ci, qui
    • *kʷon- → quies
    • *katto- → caz
    • *gwan-o- → guenannen
    • *loferno- → louarn
    • *eriro- → erer, er
    • *karwo- → caru
    • *bandyo- → banne
    • *salano- → holen, halen
    • *medu → mez
    • *kīkā → quic
    • *amben- → amanenn
    • *weg-yo- → gueaff
    • *sniy-o- → nezaff
    • *seg-yo-, seg-o- → hadaff
    • *nixto-, *ufo-nixto- → niz
    • *blātu- → bleuzff
    • *barageno/ā, *barago/ā → bara
    • *sasyo- → heiz
    • *korkkyo- → kerch
    • *bēto-, *biyato- → boet
    • *grāno- → greunenn
    • *fitu- → eth
    • *aratro- → ararz
    • *yugo- → yeu, ieo
    • *roto- → rot
    • *arawar, *arawen- → erv
    • *kayto- → coat
    • *glendos- → glann
    • *klukā → Cleguer
    • *fletro- → lezr
    • *skiy-o- → squeiaff, squeigaff
    • *gayso- → goaff
    • *wēro- → goar
    • *kladimo-, *kladiwo- → clezeff
    • *kīkos-  → quic
  • Proto-Celtic → Old Breton
    • *tār- → tar
    • *kīkos-  → cic
    • *uxso-, *uxson- → ohen
    • *ekʷo- → ebol
    • *ekʷo- → eb
    • *markos → marh
    • *wessi- → guis
    • *gabra- → gabr
    • *mokku- → moch
    • *sukko- → hoch
    • *blVdV- → bleid
    • *arto- → arth-
    • *tworko- → torch
    • *bunno- → bonn
    • *natrik- → natr-
    • *brano- → bran
    • *yorko- → iorch
    • *meli → mel
    • *meli → milin
    • *medātu- → metot
    • *kīkā → cic-guan
    • *abalo- → abal
    • *serrā → serr
    • *widu- → guid
    • *karro- → carr
    • *wolto- → guolt
    • *magos- → -ma
    • *frikā → rec
    • *gyemo- → guoiam
    • *samo- → ham
    • *īsarno-, *isarno- → hoiarn
    • *arganto- → argant
    • *kʷresno- → pren
    • *daru- → dar
    • *magino- → main
    • *gayso- → guugoiou
    • *buggo- → buc
    • *tarwo- → taruu
    • *wlāno-,*wulāno-, *wlano-, *wulano- → gulan
    • *banwo- → ban
    • *gdonyo- → don, den
    • *danto- → dant
    • *snīs → ni
  • Proto-Celtic → Old Cornish
    • *tār- → tor
    • *osno- → onnen
    • *betu- → bedewen
    • *damo-, *damato- → davat
    • *lāfigo- → loch
    • *mīlo- → mil
    • *ekʷo- → ebol
    • *markos → march
    • *wessi- → guis
    • *molto- → mols
    • *owigno- → oin
    • *bukko- → boch
    • *gabra- → gauar
    • *menno- → min
    • *sukko- → hoch
    • *banwo- → baneu
    • *kalyāko- → chelioc
    • *yaro- → yar
    • *kʷon- → ci
    • *blVdV- → bleit
    • *tworko- → torch
    • *loferno- → louuern
    • *natrik- → nader
    • *eriro- → er
    • *karwo- → caruu
    • *yorko- → yorch
    • *owīkā → euhig
    • *meli → mel
    • *bandyo- → banne
    • *kīkā → chic, kig, kyk, cic
    • *amben- → amanen
    • *blātu- → blodon
    • *barageno/ā, *barago/ā → bara
    • *korkkyo- → kerich
    • *bēto-, *biyato- → buit
    • *grāno- → gronen
    • *aratro- → aradar
    • *wolto- → gols
    • *gyemo- → goyf
    • *wesn- → guaintoin
    • *samo- → haf
    • *īsarno-, *isarno- → hoern
    • *kayto- → cuit
    • *kʷresno- → pren
    • *daru- → dar
    • *gayso- → wuyu
    • *gayso- → hoch-wuyu
    • *kladimo-, *kladiwo- → clethe
    • *delgo- → delc, delch
    • *wlāno-,*wulāno-, *wlano-, *wulano- → gluan
    • *kīkos-  → chic, kig, kyk, cic
    • *gwan-o- → gwane
    • *gdonyo- → den
    • *danto- → dans
  • Proto-Celtic → Old Welsh
    • *tār- → torr
    • *lāfigo- → lo
    • *sukko- → huch
    • *yaro- → iar
    • *brano- → bran
    • *karwo- → caru
    • *owīkā → eguic
    • *meli → mel
    • *Medu-genos → Medgen
    • *fitu- → it
    • *serrā → serr
    • *widu- → guid
    • *aratro- → ara, arater
    • *yugo- → iou
    • *magos- → maessid
    • *gyemo- → gaem
    • *wesn- → guiannuin
    • *samo- → ham
    • *omiyo- → emid
    • *arganto- → argant
    • *kayto- → coit
    • *wlāno-,*wulāno-, *wlano-, *wulano- → gulan
    • *snīs → ni
  • Proto-Celtic → Middle Welsh
    • *tār- → tor
    • *kīkos-  → kic
    • *osno- → ynn
    • *betu- → bedw-en
    • *ballo- → balleg
    • *bow → bu, buw, buch
    • *agos- → aelaw
    • *uxso-, *uxson- → ych
    • *mīlo- → mil
    • *ekʷo- → ebawl
    • *markos → march
    • *ufo-rēdo- → gorwydd
    • *wessi- → gwys
    • *molto- → mollt
    • *owigno- → oen, ŵyn
    • *bukko- → bwch
    • *menno- → myn
    • *mokku- → moch
    • *banwo- → banw, beinw
    • *kalyāko- → keilyawc
    • *kʷon- → ki, ci
    • *katto- → cath
    • *biko- → begegyr, bygegyr
    • *blVdV- → bleidd
    • *arto- → arth
    • *tworko- → wrch
    • *bunno- → bun, bwn
    • *loferno- → llewyrn
    • *natrik- → neidr
    • *brano- → bran
    • *eriro- → eryr
    • *elanī → elein, alanet
    • *yorko- → iwrch
    • *mlixto- → blith
    • *bandyo- → ban
    • *salano- → halen
    • *medu → medd
    • *kīkā → cig
    • *kruwo- → creu
    • *gʷered- → gwêr
    • *amben- → ymenyn
    • *weg-yo- → gwëu
    • *sniy-o- → nyddu, nyddaf
    • *seg-yo-, seg-o- → heu
    • *blātu- → blawd
    • *barageno/ā, *barago/ā → bara
    • *sasyo- → heidd
    • *korkkyo- → ceirch, cerch, cyrch
    • *grāno- → grawn, gronyn
    • *kankā → ceinc
    • *wedo- → gwedd
    • *wedo- → gweddu
    • *karro- → carr
    • *roto- → rot, rod
    • *buzdo- → both
    • *wolto- → gwallt
    • *īsarno-, *isarno- → haearn
    • *kʷresno- → prenn
    • *daru- → dar
    • *glendos- → glynn
    • *klukā → clog
    • *klukā → clegyr
    • *magino- → maen
    • *kuti- → cwd
    • *fletro- → lledr
    • *gayso- → gwaew
    • *wēro- → gwyr
    • *tarwo- → tarw
    • *delgo- → dala
    • *gdonyo- → dyn
    • *danto- → dant
  • Proto-Celtic → Scottish Gaelic
    • *to-unk-syon- → thoir(t)
    • *kīkā → cìoch
  • Proto-Celtic → Manx
    • *to-unk-syon- → toyr, cur
  • Proto-Celtic → Gaulish
    • *kīkos-  → *kiko-
    • *betu- → *betyo-
    • *ballo- → Ballo-marios
    • *damo-, *damato- → Damona
    • *markos → markan
    • *markos → marcosior
    • *ufo-rēdo- → *verēdo, *verēdo-, *werēdo-
    • *molto- → *multo, *moltus, *moltos
    • *bukko- → *bukko
    • *gabro- → *gabro-
    • *gabra- → *gabr-
    • *mokku- → *mocc-
    • *sukko- → *sukko-
    • *banwo- → Banuus
    • *kalyāko- → Caliaga
    • *yaro- → Iaros
    • *kʷon- → *cuno
    • *katto- → Cattos
    • *biko- → *biko-
    • *arto- → *art-
    • *loferno- → *louernos
    • *brano- → Branodunum
    • *karwo- → *caru-
    • *elantī → Elantia
    • *yorko- → íorkos
    • *Medu-genos → Medu-genos
    • *kīkā → Cicollus
    • *folkā → *olca
    • *blātu- → *blatu-
    • *sasyo- → sasia, asia
    • *abalo- → avallo
    • *widu-biyo- → vidubia, vidobium, vidobiumvidubia
    • *widu- → *widu-, *vidu
    • *yugo- → Ver-iugus
    • *roto- → *roto-
    • *buzdo- → buđđutton
    • *magos- → *magus
    • *gyemo- → *gem(e)ro-
    • *samo- → *samo-, *samaro-
    • *latyo- → lat-
    • *īsarno-, *isarno- → *isarno-
    • *arganto- → *arganto
    • *kayto- → *caito
    • *kʷresno- → prenne
    • *laws- → *lausa
    • *law- → *lawā
    • *fales- → Alesia, Alisia
    • *gayso- → *gaiso-
    • *tarwo- → taruos
    • *delgo- → *dalglā
    • *gdonyo- → *gdonio-
    • *snīs → sni
  • Proto-Celtic → Middle Irish
    • *basko-  → basc
    • *gurmo-  → gorm
    • *wlanno-  → flann
    • *dubro-  → dobur
    • *banwo- → banb
    • *arawar, *arawen- → airmnech
    • *buzdo- → bot
  • Proto-Celtic → Latin
    • *flēto-  → pallidus
    • *karro- → carrus
    • *gladio-, *kladio- → gladius
    • *kladimo-, *kladiwo- → gladius
  • Proto-Celtic → Old High German
    • *flēto-  → falo
  • Proto-Celtic → Proto-Gallo-Romance
    • *damo-, *damato- → damma, dāma
  • Proto-Celtic → Gothic
    • *mogu- → magus
    • *mogu- → mawi
  • Proto-Celtic → Celtiberian
    • *ekʷo- → *ekua
    • *Medu-genos → Mezu-kenos
    • *arganto- → *arkat-, *arkant-
    • *fales- → Alizos
  • Proto-Celtic → Proto-Celtic
    • *rēd-o- → *ufo-rēdo-
    • *gabro- → *gabra-
    • *mlig-o- → *mlixto-
    • *medu → *Medu-genos
    • *medu → *medātu-
    • *krū- → *kruwo-
    • *widu- → *widu-biyo-
    • *wegno- → *wegnyā
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Latvian
    • breast-7 → krūts; krūtis
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Lithuanian
    • breast-7 → krūtìs
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Swedish
    • not-1 → inte
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Danish
    • not-1 → ikke
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Norwegian (Bokmål)
    • not-1 → ikke
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Norwegian (Nynorsk)
    • not-1 → ikkje
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Icelandic
    • not-1 → ekki
    • round-6 → kringlóttur
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Faroese
    • not-1 → ikki
    • round-6 → klingrutur
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Elfdalian
    • not-1 → inte
    • round-6 → kringglun
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Old Norse
    • not-1 → ekki
    • round-6 → kringlóttr
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Old Swedish
    • not-1 → ieke, ække, ikke
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Irish
    • head (anatomic)-2 → ceann
    • liver-0 → ae
    • mouth-4 → béal
    • round-6 → cruinn, comhchruinn
    • say (v)-7 → labhair
    • skin (person's)-11 → craiceann
    • white (color)-3 → fionn
    • stone-8 → cloch
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Scottish Gaelic
    • green (color)-8 → gorm
    • head (anatomic)-2 → ceann
    • liver-0 → adha
    • mouth-4 → beul
    • root (botanics)-4 → bun
    • round-6 → cruinn
    • say (v)-7 → labhair
    • skin (person's)-11 → craiceann
    • stone-8 → clach
    • white (color)-3 → fionn
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Manx
    • head (anatomic)-2 → kionne/kione
    • liver-0 → aane
    • mouth-4 → beeal
    • root (botanics)-4 → bun
    • round-6 → cruinn
    • skin (person's)-11 → crackan
    • stone-8 → clagh
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Old Irish
    • good-9 → dag-
    • head (anatomic)-2 → cend, cenn
    • liver-0 → óa
    • mouth-4 → bél
    • round-6 → cruind
    • say (v)-7 → labrathar
    • skin (person's)-11 → croiccenn
    • white (color)-3 → find
    • stone-8 → cloch
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Welsh
    • good-9 → da
    • head (anatomic)-2 → pen
    • kill (v)-5 → lladd
    • round-6 → crwn
    • skin (person's)-11 → croen
    • white (color)-3 → gwyn
    • yellow (color)-4 → melyn
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Breton
    • good-9 → da
    • hand (not arm)-5 → dorn
    • head (anatomic)-2 → penn
    • kill (v)-5 → lazañ, lahañ
    • liver-0 → avu
    • round-6 → krenn
    • say (v)-7 → lavarout, lavared
    • skin (person's)-11 → krohen
    • white (color)-3 → gwenn
    • yellow (color)-4 → melen
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Cornish
    • good-9 → da:
    • hand (not arm)-5 → dorn
    • head (anatomic)-2 → pedn/pen
    • kill (v)-5 → ladhé/ladha
    • round-6 → krenn/cren
    • say (v)-7 → leverel
    • skin (person's)-11 → croghen
    • stone-8 → clog
    • white (color)-3 → gwidn/gwyn
    • yellow (color)-4 → melen
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Middle Breton
    • good-9 → da
    • liver-0 → auu
    • round-6 → crenn
    • skin (person's)-11 → crochenn
    • yellow (color)-4 → melen
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Old Breton
    • good-9 → da
    • hand (not arm)-5 → durn
    • head (anatomic)-2 → penn, pen
    • kill (v)-5 → ladam
    • liver-0 → avu
    • round-6 → cron
    • skin (person's)-11 → crochenn
    • white (color)-3 → guinn
    • yellow (color)-4 → milin
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Old Cornish
    • good-9 → da
    • head (anatomic)-2 → pen
    • liver-0 → auu, aui
    • skin (person's)-11 → croin
    • white (color)-3 → guyn
    • yellow (color)-4 → milin
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Old Welsh
    • good-9 → dag
    • head (anatomic)-2 → penn
    • kill (v)-5 → ledit
    • round-6 → crunn
    • white (color)-3 → gwynn
    • yellow (color)-4 → melyn
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Middle Welsh
    • good-9 → da
    • head (anatomic)-2 → penn
    • liver-0 → afu
    • round-6 → crwn
    • skin (person's)-11 → croen
    • yellow (color)-4 → melin
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Gaulish
    • good-9 → *dago-
    • head (anatomic)-2 → *penno-
    • round-6 → *kurro-
    • say (v)-7 → *labaro-
    • stone-12 → *artu-
    • white (color)-3 → *uindo-
    • white (color)-4 → *argio-
    • yellow (color)-4 → *melino-
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Romansh
    • yellow (color)-4 → mẹllen
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Avestan
    • round-6 → skarəna-
  • Stub PIE Swadesh → Sogdian
    • round-6 → skurnē, ǝskurnē
  • Gaulish → Latin
    • *betyo- → betulla
    • *verēdo, *verēdo-, *werēdo- → veredus
    • *bukko → buccus
    • *lawā → lābes
    • *gaiso- → gaesum
  • Gaulish → Gaulish
    • taruos → Tarvisium
    • *multo, *moltus, *moltos → Moltus
    • *gabr- → Gabromagus
    • *gabr- → Gabrus
    • *mocc- → Moccos
    • *mocc- → Cato-mocus
    • *cuno → Cuno-pennus
    • *art- → Artio
    • *caru- → Caruus
    • *blatu- → Blatuna
    • *blatu- → Blato-magus
    • *widu-, *vidu → Viduco
    • *roto- → Roto-magus
    • *gewro- → Giamoni-
    • *gem(e)ro- → *gewro-
    • *gewro- → Giamos
    • *samo-, *samaro- → Samognatius
    • *samo-, *samaro- → Samarobriva Ambianorum
    • *isarno- → Isarnus
    • *arganto → Argantomagus
    • *caito → Caito-brix
    • *gaiso- → Ario-gaisus
    • *karros → Karródounon
  • Gaulish → Vulgar Latin
    • *verēdo, *verēdo-, *werēdo- → uerēdus
    • *verēdo, *verēdo-, *werēdo- → paraverēdus
    • *multo, *moltus, *moltos → multone
  • Gaulish → Proto-Gallo-Romance
    • *multo, *moltus, *moltos → *multo
  • Gaulish → Italian
    • *bukko → bucco
  • Gaulish → French
    • *bukko → bouc
    • *gewro- → givre
  • Gaulish → Catalan
    • *bukko → boch
    • *gewro- → gebre
  • Gaulish → Provençal
    • *gabro- → gabre
  • Gaulish → Old French
    • *sukko- → soc
    • vidubia, vidobium, vidobiumvidubia → vouge
  • Gaulish → Late Latin
    • *olca → olca
  • Gaulish → Old Provençal
    • *lausa → lauza, lausa
  • Gaulish → Portuguese
    • *lawā → lavo, lauvo
    • *lausa → lousa
  • Middle Irish → Irish
    • gorm → gorm
    • banb → banbh
    • admad → adhmad
  • Middle Irish → Scottish Gaelic
    • flann → flann
    • banb → banbh
    • blicht → bliochd
  • Old Irish → Irish
    • bán → bán
    • ball → ball
    • bó → bó
    • bó → buar
    • ag → aighe, agh
    • dam → damh
    • lóeg → lao
    • mil → míol
    • ech → each
    • marcach → marcach
    • óisc → fóisc
    • molt → molt
    • úan → úan
    • boc → boc
    • gabor → gabhar
    • menn → meannán, mionnán
    • muc, mucc → muc
    • soc, socc → soc
    • orc, arc → arc
    • orc, arc → earcán
    • orc, arc → eairc
    • cerc → cearc
    • cailech → caileach, coileach
    • eirín, eiríne → éaróg, éireog, iaróg
    • cú → cú
    • catt → cat
    • fáel → faol
    • olc → olc
    • bled → bleidh-
    • bledmíl → bleidhmhíol
    • torc → torc
    • nathir → nathair
    • fiach, fíach → fiach
    • ilar → iolar
    • cairrḟiad → carria, cairrfhiadh
    • elit, ailit → eilit
    • olann → olann
    • banne → bainne
    • salann → salann
    • sál → sáile
    • mid → meá
    • mír → mír
    • geir → geir
    • imb → im
    • figid → figh
    • -sní → sníomh
    • airid → air
    • cruthnecht → cruithneacht
    • bláth → bláth
    • corca, coirce → coirce
    • bíad → bia, biadh
    • grán → gráinne
    • arbar, arbor → arbhar
    • ubull, uball → úll
    • serr → searr
    • fid → fiodh
    • rámae, ráme → rámhainn
    • rámae, ráme → rámh
    • arathar → ar
    • cécht → céacht
    • tál → tál
    • cuing → cuing, coing
    • fén → féan, feán
    • roth → roth
    • reithid → rith
    • imbliu → imleacán
    • folt → folt
    • róe → ré, réidh, rae
    • claidid → clais
    • errach → earrach
    • sam → samh, samhradh
    • meithem, mithem → Meitheamh
    • laithe → lá, lae
    • crédumae → cré-umha
    • umae → umha
    • íarn → iarann
    • argat, argad, airgead → airgead
    • dair, daur → dair
    • glenn, glend → gleann
    • cloch → cloch
    • clochar → clochar
    • líe, lía, líac → lia
    • magen, magan, maigin → maighean, maighin
    • lethar → leathar
    • scían → scian
    • gae → ga
    • fíar → fiar
    • tarb → tarbh
    • delg → dealg
    • mil → mil
    • oss, os → os
    • err, erball → eireaball
    • duine → duine
    • dét → déad
    • lám → lámh
    • sní → sinn
    • íasc → iasc
    • lem → leamhán
  • Old Irish → Old Norse
    • tarb → tarfr
  • Old Irish → Scottish Gaelic
    • ball → ball
    • bó → bó
    • bó → buar
    • ag → àgadh
    • dam → damh
    • lóeg → laogh
    • mil → mial, mialiach, míol
    • ech → each
    • marc → marc
    • marcach → marcach
    • óisc → òthaisg
    • erp, eirp, erb → earb
    • molt → mult, molt
    • úan → uan
    • boc → boc
    • gabor → gobhar
    • menn → meann
    • muc, mucc → muc
    • soc, socc → soc
    • orc, arc → arc
    • orc, arc → uircean, arcan
    • cerc → cearc
    • cailech → coileach
    • eirín, eiríne → eireag
    • cú → cù
    • catt → cat
    • bech → beach
    • fáel → faol
    • olc → olc
    • torc → torc
    • nathir → nathair
    • fiach, fíach → fitheach
    • ilar → iolair
    • elit, ailit → eilid
    • banne → bainne
    • salann → salann
    • sál → sàl
    • mid → meadh
    • mír → mìr
    • geir → geir
    • imb → ìm
    • figid → figh
    • -sní → snìomh
    • airid → àr
    • cruthnecht → cruithneachd
    • bláth → blàth
    • corca, coirce → coirce
    • bíad → biadh
    • grán → gràinne
    • arbar, arbor → arbhar
    • ubull, uball → ubhal
    • serr → searr
    • fid → fiodh
    • rámae, ráme → ràmh
    • arathar → àradair
    • cécht → ceata-cam
    • tál → tàl
    • cuing → cuing
    • roth → roth
    • reithid → ruith
    • imbliu → imleag
    • folt → falt, fuilt, fuiltean
    • mag → magh
    • róe → réidh
    • claidid → clais
    • errach → earrach
    • sam → samhradh
    • laithe → latha
    • umae → umha
    • crédumae → criadh-umha
    • íarn → iarann
    • argat, argad, airgead → airgead
    • dair, daur → darach
    • dair, daur → darag
    • glenn, glend → gleann
    • cloch → clach
    • lethar → leathar
    • scían → sgian
    • gae → gath
    • fíar → fiar
    • tarb → tarbh
    • delg → dealg
    • olann → olann, olainn
    • mil → mil
    • oss, os → os
    • uisce → uisge
    • err, erball → earball, eàrr
    • duine → duine
    • dét → deud
    • lám → làmh
    • sní → sinn(e)
    • íasc → iasg
  • Old Irish → Old Irish
    • ag → ag allad
    • marc → marcach
    • bled → bledmíl
    • nathir → nathir nime
    • bran → BRANI
    • necht → cruthnecht
    • claidid → clad
    • gam, gem, gaim → gemred, gaimred
    • umae → crédumae
    • crann → crannach
  • Old Irish → Middle Irish
    • mlicht → blicht
  • Old Irish → Breton
    • líe, lía, líac → liac'h
  • Old Irish → Welsh
    • scían → ysgien
  • Old Irish → Manx
    • uisce → ushtey
    • err, erball → arbyl
    • duine → dooinney
    • lám → laue
    • sní → shin
    • íasc → eeast
    • lem → lhieuan, lhiouan
  • Latin → Italian
    • taurus → toro
    • rēmus → remo
    • carrus → carro
    • lābes → lava
  • Latin → Latin
    • veredus → veredarius
    • carrus → *carrarĭa
    • secāre → sacēna, scēna
  • Latin → Classical Greek
    • veredarius → béredos
    • carrus → kárron
  • Latin → Proto-Celtic
    • cattus → *katto-
  • Latin → Old High German
    • rēmus → riemo
  • Latin → Occitan
    • rēmus → rem
    • carrus → car
  • Latin → Old French
    • rēmus → raim, rain, reimes
    • *carrarĭa → charriere
    • gladius → glaive
  • Latin → Spanish
    • rēmus → remo
    • carrus → carro
    • *carrarĭa → carrera
  • Latin → Portuguese
    • rēmus → remo
    • carrus → carro
    • *carrarĭa → carreira
  • Latin → Catalan
    • rēmus → rem
    • *carrarĭa → carrera
  • Latin → Provençal
    • *carrarĭa → carreira
  • Latin → Sardinian
    • carrus → carru
  • Old Norse → Icelandic
    • tarfr → tarfur
    • þexla → þexla
  • Old Norse → Faroese
    • tarfr → tarvur
    • þjórr → tjórur
  • Old Norse → Swedish
    • þexla → täxla
  • Old Norse → Danish
    • þexla → teksel
  • Old Norse → Norwegian (Nynorsk)
    • þexla → teksle
  • Middle Welsh → Welsh
    • bu, buw, buch → buwch
    • lloe, llo → llo
    • mil → milyn
    • march → march, meirch
    • gorwydd → gorwydd
    • gwys → gwŷs
    • bwch → bwch
    • moch → mocha
    • hwch → hwch
    • yar, iar, ieir, gieir → iar
    • ki, ci → ci
    • bleidd → blaidd
    • arth → arth
    • wrch → twrch
    • llewyrn → llwyrn
    • neidr → neidr
    • bran → brân
    • eryr → eryr
    • carw → carw
    • elein, alanet → elain
    • iwrch → iwrch
    • mel → mel
    • blith → blith
    • halen → halen
    • medd → medd
    • cig → cig, cnawd
    • ymenyn → menyn
    • nyddu, nyddaf → nyddu
    • blawd → blodyn
    • ceirch, cerch, cyrch → ceirch
    • gwydd → gwydd
    • aradr → aradr, arad
    • iau, yeu → afu, iau
    • both → both
    • gayaf, gaeaf → gaeaf
    • gwaeanhwyn, gwaeannwyn, gwannwyn → gwanwyn
    • haf → haf
    • haearn → haearn
    • ariant → arian
    • prenn → pren
    • maen → maen
    • cwd → cwd
    • lledr → lledr
    • gwaew → gwayw
    • tarw → tarw
    • gwlan → gwlân
    • ehedec → ehedeg, hedfan
    • dyn → dyn
    • dant → dant
    • law, llaw → llaw
    • ni → ni
    • kerddet → cerdded
  • Middle Welsh → Middle Welsh
    • medd → meddawt
    • iau, yeu → meiau
  • Middle Breton → Breton
    • buch → buoc'h
    • buch → biou
    • ouhen → oc'hen
    • davat → dañvad
    • lue → leue
    • ebeul → ebeul
    • march → marc'h
    • guis, gues → gwis
    • mout, maout → maout
    • oen → oan
    • bouch → bouc'h
    • gaffr → gaor, gavr
    • moch → moc'h
    • houch → houc'h
    • ban → banò, banw
    • quillocq → kilhog
    • yar → yar
    • ci, qui → ki
    • caz → kazh
    • guenannen → gwenanenn
    • bleiz → bleiz
    • tourch → tourc'h
    • louarn → louarn, lowern
    • nazr, azr, aezr → naer
    • bran → bran
    • erer, er → erer
    • caru → karw
    • yourch → yourc'h
    • mel → mel
    • holen, halen → holen
    • mez → mez
    • quic → kig
    • amanenn → amann, amannen
    • gueaff → gweañ
    • nezaff → nezañ
    • hadaff → hada
    • guiniz → niz
    • bleuzff → bleuñv
    • bara → bara
    • heiz → heiz
    • kerch → kerc'h
    • boet → boued
    • greunenn → greun
    • eth → ed
    • aval → aval
    • guez → gwez
    • ararz → arar
    • yeu, ieo → yew
    • carr → karr
    • rot → rod
    • maes → maes
    • erv → ero, erv
    • gouaff → goañv, gouañv
    • haff → hañv
    • houarnn → houarn
    • argant → arc'hant
    • coat → koad
    • prenn → prenn
    • men → maen
    • lezr → ler
    • squeiaff, squeigaff → skejañ
    • goaff → goa, goaf
    • boug → boug
    • goar → gwar
    • taru → tarw
    • gloan → gwlan
    • den → den
    • dant → dant
    • ni, ny → ni
    • querzet → kerzhout, kerhal
  • Middle Breton → Middle Breton
    • niz → guiniz
    • goar → goarec
  • Irish → Irish
    • os → oisín
    • damh → damh allaidh, damh allta
    • meannán, mionnán → meinnseach
    • cearc → circín
    • cearc → circeoil, circfheoil
    • faol → faolchú
    • nathair → nathair nimhe
    • fiach → brain-fhiach
    • fiach → fiach dubh
    • carria, cairrfhiadh → cairrfhiadh ruadh
    • coirce → coircidhe, coircidheacha
    • coirce → coirce préacháin
    • céacht → An Camchéachta
    • tál → tál fuinn
    • airgead → airgead geal
    • scian → scian fhada
  • Old Breton → Middle Breton
    • ohen → ouhen
    • ebol → ebeul
    • marh → march
    • guis → guis, gues
    • gabr → gaffr
    • moch → moch
    • hoch → houch
    • bleid → bleiz
    • torch → tourch
    • natr- → nazr, azr, aezr
    • bran → bran
    • iorch → yourch
    • mel → mel
    • abal → aval
    • guid → guez
    • carr → carr
    • -ma → maes
    • guoiam → gouaff
    • ham → haff
    • hoiarn → houarnn
    • argant → argant
    • pren → prenn
    • main → men
    • buc → boug
    • taruu → taru
    • gulan → gloan
    • ban → ban
    • don, den → den
    • dant → dant
    • ni → ni, ny
    • cerd → querzet
  • Old Breton → Breton
    • arth- → arzh
    • bonn → bonn
    • -ma → ma
  • Old Breton → Old Breton
    • bran → morbran
  • Breton → Breton
    • dañvad → dañvadez
    • bran → bran vras
    • bran → marc'hvran
    • niz → gwiniz
    • maen → maen-hir
    • gwar → gwareg
  • Old Cornish → Cornish
    • davat → davas
    • loch → lugh
    • mil → mil
    • march → margh
    • guis → guis
    • oin → oan, on
    • yar → yar
    • ci → kei
    • bleit → bleydh
    • nader → nader
    • er → er
    • caruu → karow
    • yorch → yorgh
    • mel → mel
    • amanen → manyn
    • blodon → bledzhan
    • buit → bos, boes
    • aradar → arader
    • goyf → gwav
    • haf → haf, hav
    • hoern → hôrn
    • cuit → coys
    • pren → pren
    • dar → dar
    • wuyu → guw
    • gluan → gwlan, gwloan
    • den → den, dēn
    • dans → dans
    • lof → lüf
    • kerd → kerdhes
  • Old Cornish → Old Cornish
    • gwane → guenenen
    • mel → Meli-ssos
    • mel → milin
  • French → Italian
    • daim → daino
  • French → Spanish
    • vouge → guja
  • French → French
    • ramer → rame
  • Old French → French
    • dain, daine → daim
    • palefroi, palefreid → palefroi
    • soc → soc
    • vouge → vouge
    • raim, rain, reimes → ramer
    • glaive → glaive
    • daille, dail → dail
  • Old French → Old Norse
    • palefroi, palefreid → palafrey
  • Proto-Gallo-Romance → Old French
    • damma, dāma → dain, daine
  • Proto-Gallo-Romance → Italian
    • damma, dāma → damma, dama
  • Proto-Gallo-Romance → Occitan
    • *multo → moltó, molton, noton
  • Proto-Gallo-Romance → French
    • *multo → mouton
  • Proto-Albanian → Albanian (Tosk)
    • *dama → dem
    • *lāpā → lopë
    • *arina → arí
    • *melita → mjal, mjaltë
    • *gazda- → gjeth
  • Proto-Albanian → Proto-Albanian
    • *ara → *arina
  • Old Welsh → Middle Welsh
    • lo → lloe, llo
    • huch → hwch
    • iar → yar, iar, ieir, gieir
    • caru → carw
    • mel → mel
    • melin, melen → melyn
    • guid → gwydd
    • ara, arater → aradr
    • iou → iau, yeu
    • maessid → -ma, maes
    • gaem → gayaf, gaeaf
    • guiannuin → gwaeanhwyn, gwaeannwyn, gwannwyn
    • ham → haf
    • argant → ariant
    • gulan → gwlan
    • lau → law, llaw
    • ni → ni
    • kerðet → kerddet
  • Old Welsh → Old Welsh
    • bran → Branodunum
    • mel → melin, melen
  • Old Welsh → Welsh
    • eguic → ewig
    • emid → efydd
    • coit → coed
  • Proto-Germanic → Old Norse
    • *ehwa- → jór
    • *tōkslo- → þexla
    • *þeura- → þjórr
  • Proto-Germanic → Late Latin
    • *bukka-, *bukkan- → buccus
    • *blada- → blada
  • Proto-Germanic → Old High German
    • *tōkslo- → dehsa, dehsala
  • Proto-Germanic → Middle Low German
    • *tōkslo- → desele, dessel, deissel
  • Proto-Germanic → Middle Dutch
    • *tōkslo- → dissel, dissele
  • Celtiberian → Celtiberian
    • *ekua → Ekua-laku
    • *arkat-, *arkant- → Arkanta
    • *arkat-, *arkant- → arkato-bezom
  • Late Latin → Old French
    • paraveredus → palefroi, palefreid
  • Late Latin → Italian
    • buccus → becco
  • Late Latin → French
    • olca → ouche
  • Late Latin → Old Italian
    • bladum → blada, biada
  • Late Latin → Late Latin
    • blada → bladum
  • Late Latin → Occitan
    • bladum → blada, blat
  • Vulgar Latin → Late Latin
    • uerēdus → paraveredus
  • Vulgar Latin → Old High German
    • paraverēdus → pfärfrit, pfarifrit, pfarifrid
  • Vulgar Latin → Italian
    • multone → montone
  • Vulgar Latin → Catalan
    • multone → moltó
  • Vulgar Latin → Old French
    • paraverēdus → palefroi, palefreid
  • Middle High German → German
    • pfert, pfärit, pfärvrit, phert → Pferd
    • rieme → Riemen
  • Old High German → Middle High German
    • pfärfrit, pfarifrit, pfarifrid → pfert, pfärit, pfärvrit, phert
    • riemo → rieme
  • Scottish Gaelic → Scottish Gaelic
    • òthaisg → òthaisg fhireann
    • faol → faol-allaidh
    • nathair → nathair nimhe
  • Stub proto-form → Latin
    • *ghaid-o → haedus
    • *ghaid-ein-o- → haedīnus
  • Stub proto-form → Stub proto-form
    • *ghaid- → *ghaid-o
    • *ghaid- → *ghaid-ein-o-
  • Welsh → Welsh
    • gwenyn → gwenynen
    • gwan → gwenyn
    • brân → cigfran
    • nith → gwenith
    • gaeaf → cynhaeaf
    • maen → maen hir
    • gwayw → gwaywffon
  • Cornish → Cornish
    • bran → bran vras
    • gwav → kynnyav, kydnyadh
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic → Proto-Slavic
    • *ol-Hn- → *òlni
    • *bar- → *bȍršьno
    • *śokʔaʔ → *soxà
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic → Latvian
    • *bar- → barĩba
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic → Lithuanian
    • *geit- → gyvatà
  • Proto-Slavic → Old Church Slavonic
    • *òlni → alъnii*
    • *soxà → soxa
    • *tesla → tesla
  • Proto-Slavic → Ukrainian
    • *bȍršьno → bórošno
  • Old Italian → Italian
    • blada, biada → biada
  • Proto-Italic → Latin
    • *sekaje/o- → secāre
    • *tauro- → taurus
  • German → Swedish
    • Dechsel → däxel
  • German → Norwegian (Nynorsk)
    • Dechsel → diksel
  • Provençal → Italian
    • carreira → carriera
  • Italian → Sardinian
    • carriera → carrela, carrera
  • Italian → French
    • carriera → carrière
    • lava → lave
  • English → Welsh
    • copper → copr, copor
  • Classical Greek → Modern Greek
    • dóry → dóry
  • Middle Low German → Swedish
    • klint → klint
  • Middle Low German → Danish
    • klint → klint
  • Old Provençal → French
    • lauza, lausa → lauze, lause
  • Old Provençal → Provençal
    • dahl → dalho, daio