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Meaning
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Grammar
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Note
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Middle Welsh
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meiau
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middle yoke (a measure of length)
(meaning taken from an associated Word List Item)
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Compound: me- 'mid-' < PCelt. *medyo- 'middle' & iau 'yoke'. Compare W. Mehefin, MBret. Mezeven 'June' < *medyo- & *samono- 'summer' (RM).
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Middle Breton
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yeu, ieo
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yoke
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"yeu, g. ioug pour accouplir les beufs, l. iugum" (Catholicon, 1464).
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *wedh- 'bind'
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PCelt. *wedo- ‘yoke, harness’ < PIE. *wedh- 'bind' (IEW: 1117f.)(RM). "GPC claims these words are derived from *wed-o- 'lead'; the semantic connection would presumably lie in the fact that oxen are harnessed in order to be led. I find this difficult to accept, and I believe that it is better to separate PIE *wedh- 'lead' and *wedh- 'bind, harness', as Pokorny does (IEW 1116-7). Skt. vádhra- 'leather belt' is sometimes compared, but it may be actually dissimilated from várdhra- , which is from '…
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Old Irish
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fedil, feidil
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wooden yoke for oxen
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *h₂er- 'join'
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PSl. *arь̀mъ, *arьmò m. 'yoke, ox-yoke'. "Derivative of the root *h₂er- 'join', cf. Gk. ἀραρίσκω 'join, fit together'. The long initial vowel must be a Slavic innovation" (RD).
Rick Derksen. "arь̀mъ" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. July 22, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=18386 >
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *yug-o- 'yoke'
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1. ζυγόν n. 'yoke' < IE *ieug- 'connect' (RB). 2. Hit. iūk-, iuka- n. ‘yoke, pair’ < PIE. *yug-o-m (AK).
1. Robert Beekes (with the assistance of Lucien van Beek). "ζυγόν" in: Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. July 22, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=5629 > 2. Alwin Kloekhorst. "iūk-" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon…
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Middle High German
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jiuch
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a land measure
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Provençal
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carreira
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path, way, road
(meaning taken from an associated Word List Item)
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Latin
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*carrarĭa
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path, way, road
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wagon-4
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Hitt. ḫulukanni- (c.) ‘coach, carriage’, uncertain origin
AK
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *kʷel(H)- v. 'to turn, to go around'
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PIE. *kʷel-o- 'wheel, circle'. 1. ON. hvel n. 'wheel' < PGm. *hwela- < PIE. *kʷel-o-: "An archaic formation with full grade and without reduplication" (RB) 2. PCelt. *kʷolu- ‘wheel’ < PIE. *kʷol-o- 'wheel' (RM). 3. PSl. *kȍlo n. ‘wheel’ < PIE. *kʷol(H)-es- (RD).
Guus Kroonen. "hwehla- ~ *hweula-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. August 1, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.lu…
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wagon-3
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Gr. σατίναι fpl. ‘coach, carriage for women, equipage’: Pre-Greek, perhaps <- Phrygian or <- Thracian. Also Arm. sayl 'wagon'.
Hrach K. Martirosyan. "sayl" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. August 1, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=810 >
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wagon-2
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Gr. ἅμαξα f. ‘framework, chassis of a four-wheeled wagon; wagon’ (Il.). Pre-Greek. "Synonymous with ἀπήνη 'four-wheeled wagon'. " (RB)
Robert Beekes (with the assistance of Lucien van Beek). "ἅμαξα" in: Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. August 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=3405 >
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wagon-1
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Gr. ἀπήνη f. ‘four-wheeled wagon’. Pre-Greek. Anatolian substrate? Or borrowing from a Semitic language? RB highlights the connection with καπάνα 'wagon', which "shows foreign (substrate) origin because of the variation κ-/ zero" (RB). "Synonymous with ἅμαξα" (RB).
Robert Beekes (with the assistance of Lucien van Beek). "ἀπήνη" in: Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. August 2, 2014. < http://i…
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Middle English
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hwele, whele
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wheel
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *(H)reth₂- v. 'to run'
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1. PGm. *raþa- n. ‘wheel’ < proto-form. *Hrót-h₂-o- (GK). 2. PCelt. *roto- ‘wheel, chariot’ < PIE. *(H)roth₂o- 'wheel' (IEW: 866). "Originally from the root *(H)reth₂- v. 'to run' (PCelt. *ret-o-); the wheel is conceived of as 'the runner'." (RM) 3. Lat. rota 'wheel' < PItal. *rot-ā- 'wheel', re/ot-e/o- v. 'to run, roll' < PIE. *Hrot-o/h₂- [adj.] 'revolving' > 'wheel'; *Hret-e/o- v. 'to run, roll' (MDV). Note also derivs. of IE *reth- in OIr. rethim v. 'to run', W. rhedeg v. 'to run' (CDB)
1.…
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wheel-3
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CDB
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wheel-5
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CDB
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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wheel-4
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CDB
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *dhrogho- 'wheel'
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1. PCelt. *droko- ‘wheel’ < PIE. *dhrogho- 'wheel' (IEW: 273) (RM) 2. Arm. durgn 'potter's wheel'
Ranko Matasović. "droko-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. August 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=16317 >
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