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Language
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Form
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Meaning
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Grammar
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Note
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Proto-Indo-Aryan
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*lū-
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to cut (off)
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Compare lavítra- n. 'sickle' < *leuH-tro-. Also: lūna- 'cut off' (verbal adjective) < lunā́ti v. 'to cut (off)', lū- 'cut off, mow'
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Dutch
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zeisen, zeis
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scythe
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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scythe-6
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PSl. *kosà f. 'scythe'. If etymolgically identical with PSl. *kosà f. ‘hair, braided hair’, then RD reconstructs BSl. *kosaʔ < a PIE derivative with o -grade of the root *kes- 'comb, scratch' (RD).
Rick Derksen. "kosà II" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. June 24, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=19133 >
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Classical Armenian
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gerandi
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scythe, sickle
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *deh₁- 'to share, divide'
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Arm. gerandi 'scythe' < ClArm. gerandi (HKM). The word is a compound of geran 'log, beam' and the direct or the Iranian descendant of PIE *deh₁- (“to share, divide”): that is, a cutting tool with a wooden handle. "Originally, gerandi probably referred to a cutting, mowing implement in general, either a sickle or scythe. Later, the semantics became specific: 'scythe', as opposed to mangaɫ 'sickle'. This specification is seen already in the 5th century" (HKM).
Hrach K. Martirosyan. "gerandi" in: …
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Middle English
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syþe, sith
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scythe
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Estonian
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tsirp
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sickle
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Proto-Indo-European
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*ser(p)-
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sickle, cut
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"Within Latin, the best connection is with sāriō v. 'to hoe, weed', which would point to a root *srs-" (MDV)., "The only plausible IE cognate form can be found in Lat. serra" (JC)
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *ser(p)- 'sickle, cut'
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Gr. ἅρπη f. ‘sickle’ < PIE. *ser(p)- 'sickle'. Also a bird of prey, after its claws" (RB). RB is inclined to assume non-IE origin. CDB regards OIr. serr & OW serr as cognate with Gr. ἅρπη, but RB regards this as doubtful. Note also Skt. sṛṇī- 'sickle' < *ser-, Lat. sarpere v. 'to prune' (CDB).
Robert Beekes (with the assistance of Lucien van Beek). "ἅρπη" in: Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online…
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *ph₂-n-ǵ- v. 'to attach'
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Lat. pāla f. 'spade, shovel' < pangere ‘to insert firmly, fix’ < PItal. *pang-, pagto- v. 'to attach' < PIE. *ph₂-n-ǵ- v. 'to attach'
Michiel de Vaan. "pangō" in: Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. July 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=13831 >, Lat. pālus 'wooden post, stake, peg' < pangere ‘to insert firmly, fix…
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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spade-3
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PSl. *lopàta f. 'spade, shovel'. Indo-European, but etymology appears to be problematic. Perhaps connected with *làpa 'paw' (RD).
Rick Derksen. "lopàta" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. July 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=19317 >
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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BSl. *rowos 'ditch(?)'
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SCr. rȉti 'dig' < PSl. *rỳdlo n. 'spade, snout' < *rỳti v. ‘dig, root’ < BSl. *ruʔ- < PIE. *(H)ruH- (RD) /// South Slavic SCr. rȉti 'dig', 1sg. rȉjēm; Sln. ríti 'root, dig', 1sg. rȋjem; Bulg. ríja 'root, dig'
Rick Derksen. "rỳdlo" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. July 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=19901 >
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PGm. *rekan- v. ‘to rake up, pile up’
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PGm. *reka < PGm. *rekan- v. ‘to rake up, pile up’ (GK)
Guus Kroonen. "rekan-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. July 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=22227 >
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *kséubh-e- v. 'to push away'
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PGm. *skeuban-, *skūban- s.v. ‘to shove’ < PIE. *kséubh-e- / Go. af-skiuban s.v. 'to push away, reject', OE scēofan, scūfan s.v. 'to shove', OFri. skūva s.v. 'to push, shove', Du. schuiven s.v. 'to shove, slide', OHG scioban s.v. 'id.', G schieben s.v. 'id.'// Skt. kṣóbhate v. 'to shake, tremble', YAv. xšufsąn 3pl.pres.subj. v. 'to tremble' < * kséubh-e-; Pl. dial. chybać v. 'to sway, rock; to run, rush' < * ksubh-eh₂- (with secondary * y); Lith. skubùs, Latv. skubrs adj. 'hasty' < * ksubh-(r)o…
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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spade-4
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Fr. bêche 'spade', of uncertain origin, but probably < VLat. bessus 'spade', attested in LLat. (TLF) < VLat. *bissus 'double', referring to a form of spade which originally had two points (CDB, TLF)
CDB
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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spade-5
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Sp. laya <- Basque
CDB, Ir. láighe
CDB
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *h₁reh₁- v. 'to row'
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PIE. *h₁reh₁- v. 'row': nominal derivatives Lat. rēmus, PCelt. *rāsmo- 'oar'
"rā-yo-" from Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic by Ranko Matasovi?, Ph.D. (1995) http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se
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Proto-Celtic
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*widu-biyo-
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Compound: PCelt. *widu- 'wood' < PIE. *widhu- 'wood' & the verbal root *bheyH- 'strike, cut' (RM).
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Gaulish
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vidubia, vidobium, vidobiumvidubia
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hoe, sickle
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Gaulish
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*widu-, *vidu
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wood
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