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Language (family)
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Form
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Meaning
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Grammar
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *dlonh₁gh-o- 'long'
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OE lencten, MDu. lentin , OHG lengizin, lenzin and shorter synonyms ME, MLG & MDu. lente; OHG langiz, langaz, lenzo weak; and reflexes. Perhaps compound or derivation < PGm. *langa- adj. ‘long’ < IE *dlonh₁gh-o-, identical to Lat. longus adj. 'long': "The shorter form (? Old Germanic type *laŋgito-, *laŋgiton-) seems to be a derivative of *laŋgo- long adj., and may possibly have reference to the lengthening of the days as characterizing the season of spring. It is doubtful whether the ending o…
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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spring-2
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MoGr. άνοιξη
CDB
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *spré-n-gh-e-
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PGm. *springan-, * sprinkan- v. ‘to break out, leap’ < PIE. *spré-n-gh-e- (GK) / ON springa s.v. 'to spring; to spurt out; to burst, break', Icel. springa, sprinka s.v. 'id.', Far. springa s.v. 'to leap, jump; to burst, explode', Elfd. springga s.v. 'to grow', OE springan, sprincan wv. 'to spring, burst out; to grow', E to spring, OFri. springa s.v. 'to spring; to jump, leap, run', OS springan s.v. 'id.', Du. springen s.v. 'id.', OHG springan s.v. 'to jump, gush, flow', G springen s.v. 'id.' / …
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Eurasia
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German
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Langis
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spring
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Dialectal.
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Eurasia
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Latin
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primo vere
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beginning of the spring
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< primus 'first' & vēr n. ‘spring’, Compound: primus 'first' & vēr n. ‘spring’.
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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harvest-1
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PSl. *žę̀tva f. ‘harvest’ < *žę̀ti v. ‘reap, mow, harvest’ < BSl. *genʔ-/*ginʔ-. Etymology uncertain: *žęti either goes back to the root *gʷyeh₃ ‘live’; or (RD’s suggestion) to Baltic forms usually assigned to the root *gʷhen- 'strike', although this would be semantically odd. (RD).
Rick Derksen. "žę̀tva" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. November 4, 2014. < http:/…
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Eurasia
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Czech
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žatva
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harvest, mowing
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *peh₁u-, *pyeh₂-u-
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Lith. pjūtìs f. `harvest time, August' < PIE. *peh₁u-, *pyeh₂-u-
Robert Beekes (with the assistance of Lucien van Beek). "παίω" in: Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. September 22, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=8274 >
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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summer-3
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Skt. nidāgha- 'summer' < ni-dah- 'burn down, consume'
CDB
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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summer-2
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CDB
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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summer-1
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CDB
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *leh₁t- 'warm part of the year (?)'
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1. PSl. *lě̀to n. ‘summer’ < PIE. *leh₁-tóm (RD) 2. PCelt. *latyo- ‘day’ < PIE. *leh₁t- 'warm part of the year (?)' "The semantic development in Celtic was from 'warm part of the year' to 'warm part of the day', and, finally, 'day' (for a similar development cf. Croat. gòdina 'year' vs. Polish godzina 'hour')." (RM)
Rick Derksen. "lě̀to" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill O…
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *gʷher-o- 'warmth'
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Gr. ϑέρος n. 'summer heat; summer; harvest, crop' < IE *gʷher-os 'warmth'
Hrach K. Martirosyan. "ǰer" in: Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. November 3, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=799 >
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *smH-oro- 'half year, season'
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PGm. *sumara- n. ‘summer’< IE *smH-oro- (GK). "PGm. *sumar- continues an IE word for 'half year, season', which is related to OE sām-, OS sām-, OHG sāmi- pref. 'half' < *sēmi (= Skt. sāmí, Lat. sēmi-). The suffix is comparable to the one of *wasra- ~ *wazra- 'spring'." (GK).
Guus Kroonen. "sumara-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. November 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.…
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Eurasia
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Tocharian A
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ṣme
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rain period
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Eurasia
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Middle Persian
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hāmīn
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summer
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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PIE. *h₂eidh-teh₂t-, *h₂eidh-tu- 'burning, heat'
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Michiel de Vaan. "aestās" in: Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. November 2, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=12678 >
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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copper-3
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Lat. cupreum, cyprium n. 'copper' < aes cyprium n. 'bronze, copper (lit. Cyprian metal)' < aes, aeris n. ‘copper, bronze; money’ < PItal. *ajos, *ajes- 'bronze' < PIE. *h₂ei-os, *h₂ei-es- 'bronze'
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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copper-2
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PGm. *arut- m. ‘ore’ < proto-form. *arud-. Etymology disputed: "likely to be of non-IE origin in view of the alternation of Pre-Gm. *arud- with Lat. raud- and the similarities with Sum. urud(u) 'copper'." (GK); but derived from IE *h₁reudh- 'red' according to MA.
Guus Kroonen. "arut-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. November 25, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu…
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Eurasia
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Stub Culture Indo-European
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copper-1
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Gr. χαλκός m. 'ore; copper, bronze'
Robert Beekes (with the assistance of Lucien van Beek). "χαλκός" in: Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2014. Brill Online. November 24, 2014. < http://iedo.brillonline.nl.ludwig.lub.lu.se/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=10181 >
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