Etymology uncertain, and much discussed. "ON refr... was borrowed from Iranian... This is supported by Spa. raposo, raposa, apparently a loanword from the same Sarmatian or Alanic source" (GK, citing Brøndal 1928: 10). Proto-Iranian *raupaśa- 'fox' < Indo-Iran. *raupāća- 'fox', prob. also 'jackal': compare Sogdian rwps- f., Khwaresmian rwbs f., Shughni růpc(ak) f., Ishkashimi urvesok, Yazghulami rəpc, rəbc, Yidgha rūso, Munji ráwsa, etc). -āćá- is an Indo-Iranian animal suffix (HKM). Note also Finn. repo < Finno-Ugric *repä 'fox', an Aryan loan. But AEW says "Scandinavian… but cf. Sp. & Pt. raposa 'fox', Oss. rubas, robas 'fox'… possibly < a wanderwort" (AEW).
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